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Millipore/MABE205 | Anti-phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody, clone EP854(2)Y, rabbit monoclonal/MABE205/100 µ
  • Millipore/MABE205 | Anti-phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody, clone EP854(2)Y, rabbit monoclonal/MABE205/100 µ

Millipore/MABE205 | Anti-phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) Antibody, clone EP854(2)Y, rabbit monoclonal/MABE205/100 µ

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货号: MABE205
品牌: Millipore
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    • Description
      CatalogueNumberMABE205
      DescriptionAnti-phospho-HistoneH2A.X(Ser139)Antibody,cloneEP854(2)Y,rabbitmonoclonal
      AlternateNames
      • H2Ahistonefamily,memberX
      • histoneH2A.x
      • H2AXhistone
      BackgroundInformationAsamemberofthehistoneH2Afamily,histoneH2A.x(H2A.x)isavarianthistoneH2AwhichreplacesconventionalH2Ainasubsetofnucleosomes.H2A.xisinvolvedintheDNArepairofdouble-strandbreakage(DSB)damageonnuclearDNA.AfteradoublestrandDNAbreak,H2A.xisrapidlyphosphorylatedatserine139byATMkinaseandbecomesgamma-H2AFX.ThisphosphorylationstepcanextenduptoseveralthousandnucleosomesfromtheactualsiteoftheDSBandmaymarkthesurroundingchromatinforrecruitmentofproteinsrequiredforDNAdamagesignalingandrepair(1).AsapartofposttranslationalmodificationsduringapoptosiscausedbysevereDNAdamage,highexpressionofphosphorylatedH2A.xisconsideredasanaccurateindicatorofapoptosis(2).
      ProductInformation
      FormatDilutedCultureSupernatant
      Control
      • EtoposideuntreatedandtreatedJurkatcelllysates
      PresentationRabbitMonoclonalinbuffercontaining50mMTris-Glycine(pH7.4),0.15MNaClcontaining40%Glycerol,0.01%sodiumazideand0.05%BSA.
      StorageandShippingInformation
      StorageConditionsStablefor1yearat-20ºCfromdateofreceipt.HandlingRecommendations:Uponfirstthaw,andpriortoremovingthecap,centrifugethevialandgentlymixthesolution.Aliquotintomicrocentrifugetubesandstoreat-20°C.Avoidrepeatedfreeze/thawcycles,whichmaydamageIgGandaffectproductperformance.Note:VariABIlityinfreezertemperaturesbelow
      -20°CmaycauseglycerolcontainingSolutionstobecomefrozenduringstorage.
      Applications
      ApplicationPleasenotethatthisproductwillnotbeavailableforsaleafterMarch15,2015.Pleaseselectoneoftheotherantibodiesagainstthistarget.
      KeyApplications
      • WesternBlotting
      • Immunocytochemistry
      • Immunohistochemistry(Paraffin)
      ApplicationNotesImmunocytochemistryAnalysis:1:50-100dilutionfromarepresentativelotwasusedinIC.
      ImmunohistochemistryAnalysis:1:50-100dilutionfromarepresentativelotdetectedHistoneH2A.Xinhumankidneytransitional
      cellcarcinomatissue.
      BIOLOGicalInformation
      ImmunogenSyntheticphospho-peptidecorrespondingtohumanHistoneH2A.XphosphorylatedatSer139.
      EpitopePhosphorylatedSer139
      CloneEP854(2)Y
      HostRabbit
      SpecificityThisantibodyrecognizesHistoneH2A.XphosphorylatedatSer139.
      IsotypeIgG
      SpeciesReactivity
      • Human
      • Mouse
      • Rat
      AntibodyTypeMonoclonalAntibody
      GeneSymbol
      • H2AX
      • H2A.X
      • H2A/X
      • H2a/x
      Modifications
      • Phosphorylation
      PurificationMethodUnpurified
      UniProtNumber
      UniProtSummaryFUNCTION:VarianthistoneH2AwhichreplacesconventionalH2Ainasubsetofnucleosomes.NucleosomeswrapandcompactDNAintochromatin,limitingDNAaccessibilitytothecellularmachinerieswhichrequireDNAasatemplate.Histonestherebyplayacentralroleintranscriptionregulation,DNArepair,DNAreplicationandchromosomalstability.DNAaccessibilityisregulatedviaacomplexsetofpost-translationalmodificationsofhistones,alsocalledhistonecode,andnucleosomeremodeling.Requiredforcheckpoint-mediatedarrestofcellcycleprogressioninresponsetolowdosesofionizingrADIationandforefficientrepairofDNAdoublestrandbreaks(DSBs)specificallywhenmodifiedbyC-terminalphosphorylation.
      SUBUNITSTRUCTURE:ThenucleosomeisahistoneoctamercontainingtwomoleculeseachofH2A,H2B,H3andH4assembledinoneH3-H4heterotetramerandtwoH2A-H2Bheterodimers.Theoctamerwrapsapproximately147bpofDNA.InteractswithnumerousproteinsrequiredforDNAdamagesignalingandrepairwhenphosphorylatedonSer-140.TheseincludeMDC1,TP53BP1,BRCA1andtheMRNcomplex,composedofMRE11A,RAD50,andNBN.InteractionwiththeMRNcomplexismediatedatleastinpartbyNBN.AlsointeractswithDHX9/NDHIIwhenphosphorylatedonSer-140.InteractswithARRB2;theinteractionisdetectedinthenucleusuponOR1D2stimulation.
      SUBCELLULARLOCATION:Nucleus.Chromosome
      DEVELOPMENTALSTAGE:SynthesizedinG1aswellasinS-phase.
      DOMAIN:The[ST]-QmotifconstitutesarecognitionsequenceforkinasesfromthePI3/PI4-kinasefamily.
      PTM:PhosphorylatedonSer-140(toformgamma-H2AFXorH2AX139ph)inresponsetoDNAdoublestrandbreaks(DSBs)generatedbyexogenousgenotoxicagentsandbystalledreplicationforks,andmayalsooccurduringmeioticrecombinationeventsandimmunoglobulinclassswitchinginlymphocytes.PhosphorylationcanextenduptoseveralthousandnucleosomesfromtheactualsiteoftheDSBandmaymarkthesurroundingchromatinforrecruitmentofproteinsrequiredforDNAdamagesignalingandrepair.Widespreadphosphorylationmayalsoservetoamplifythedamagesignaloraidrepairofpersistentlesions.PhosphorylationofSer-140(H2AX139ph)inresponsetoionizingradiationismediatedbybothATMandPRKDCwhiledefectsinDNAreplicationinduceSer-140phosphorylation(H2AX139ph)subsequenttoactivationofATRandPRKDC.DephosphorylationofSer-140byPP2AisrequiredforDNADSBrepair.Inmeiosis,Ser-140phosphorylation(H2AX139ph)mayoccuratsynaptonemalcomplexesduringleptoteneasanATM-dependentresponsetotheformationofprogrammedDSBsbySPO11.Ser-140phosphorylation(H2AX139ph)maysubsequentlyoccursatunsynapsedregionsofbothautosomesandtheXYbivalentduringzygotene,downstreamofATRandBRCA1activation.Ser-140phosphorylation(H2AX139ph)mayalsoberequiredfortranscriptionalrepressionofunsynapsedchromatinandmeioticsexchromosomeinactivation(MSCI),wherebytheXandYchromosomescondenseinpachytenetoformtheheterochromaticXY-body.Duringimmunoglobulinclassswitchrecombinationinlymphocytes,Ser-140phosphorylation(H2AX139ph)mayoccuratsitesofDNA-recombinationsubsequenttoactivationoftheactivation-inducedcytidinedeaminaseAICDA.PhosphorylationatTyr-143(H2AXY142ph)byBAZ1B/WSTFdeterminestherelativerecruitmentofeitherDNArepairorpro-apoptoticfactors.PhosphorylationatTyr-143(H2AXY142ph)favorstherecruitmentofAPBB1/FE65andpro-apoptosisfactorssuchasMAPK8/JNK1,triggeringapoptosis.Incontrast,dephosphorylationofTyr-143byEYAproteins(EYA1,EYA2,EYA3orEYA4)favorstherecruitmentofMDC1-containingDNArepaircomplexestothetailofphosphorylatedSer-140(H2AX139ph).
      MonoubiquitinationofLys-120(H2AXK119ub)byRING1andRNF2/RING2complexgivesaspecifictagforepigenetictranscriptionalrepression.FollowingDNAdouble-strandbreaks(DSBs),itisubiquitinatedthrough"Lys-63"linkageofubiquitinmoietiesbytheE2ligaseUBE2NandtheE3ligasesRNF8andRNF168,leadingtotherecruitmentofrepairproteinstositesofDNAdamage.Monoubiquitinationandionizingradiation-induced"Lys-63"-linkedubiquitinationaredistinctevents.
      SEQUENCESIMILARITIES:BelongstothehistoneH2Afamily.
      MolecularWeight~15kDaobserved
      PhysicochemicalInformation
      Dimensions
      MaterialsInformation
      MaterialsInformation
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