Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) is an inflammatory cytokinesecreted by macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, T-cells,NK-cells following their stimulation by bacterial LPS. TNF-αactivates signals through two receptors, TNF-R1, which isexpressed on most cell types, and TNF-R2, which is expressedmainly on immune cells.TNF-α can have many functions including,to stimulate of phagocytosis in macrophages, to chemoattractneutrophils, to increase insulin resistance and to inducefever. Recombinant rat TNF-α is a non-glycosylated protein,containing 157 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 17.3kDa.
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