Granulocytemacrophagecolony-stimulatingfactor(GM‑CSF)isahematopoieticgrowthfactorthatisessentialforproliferationanddevelopmentofgranulocyteandmonocyte/macrophage
Progenitors.Italsofunctionsasagrowthfactorforerythroidandmegakaryocyticprecursorcellsinconjunctionwitherythropoietin.GM-CSFissecretedbyvariouscelltypesincludingTcells,macrophages,endothelialcells,andfibroblastsinresponsetoinflammatorystimuliandcytokines.Inaddition,GM-CSFstronglychemoattractsneutrophilsandeosinophilsandenhancestheeffectorfunctionsofneutrophilsandmacrophages.